How should a nurse proceed when assessing pain in a Spanish-speaking patient?

Using a visual pain scale is effective for assessing pain in a Spanish-speaking patient because it transcends language barriers and allows for a clear, visual representation of pain levels. Visual pain scales typically use faces or numerical ratings that patients can easily point to or select, making it accessible regardless of the patient's language proficiency. This approach respects the patient's autonomy and ensures that they can communicate their pain level without misunderstanding.

Although involving a family member to translate can sometimes help, it risks introducing biases or inaccuracies in communication, as family members may not convey medical terminology effectively or may alter the patient's expressions of pain for various reasons. Similarly, using sign language would not be appropriate unless the patient is deaf and communicates in that manner, rendering it ineffective for a Spanish-speaking patient. Calling the local interpreter service is certainly a viable option, especially for more complex interactions, but visual pain scales provide an immediate method for assessing pain in the moment without needing additional assistance.