Spontaneous pneumothorax is commonly associated with which condition?

Spontaneous pneumothorax is indeed commonly associated with Marfan syndrome. This condition is characterized by a genetic connective tissue disorder that affects the body’s structural components, leading to various complications, including respiratory issues. Individuals with Marfan syndrome often exhibit hypermobility of joints and defects in the lungs and pleurae, which can make them more susceptible to the development of a pneumothorax, particularly because of the potential for blebs or weakened areas in the lung tissue that can rupture and lead to the condition.

While cystic fibrosis, asthma, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy can all have respiratory implications, they are not as directly linked to the spontaneous development of pneumothorax as Marfan syndrome. Cystic fibrosis is primarily characterized by obstructive lung disease due to thick mucus, whereas asthma involves reversible airway obstruction and inflammation. Duchenne muscular dystrophy does affect respiratory muscles, but it is more associated with respiratory failure due to muscle weakness rather than spontaneous pneumothorax. Therefore, in the context of spontaneous pneumothorax, Marfan syndrome is the most relevant condition among the options provided.