What electrolyte abnormality is associated with ABG readings of high HCO3 and pCO2 of 55 mmHg?

The association of high bicarbonate (HCO3) and elevated carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2) in arterial blood gas (ABG) readings typically indicates a primary metabolic alkalosis with concurrent respiratory compensation. In clinical practice, hypokalemia is often seen in patients with metabolic alkalosis. This is due to the fact that as hydrogen ions move from the intracellular to the extracellular space to correct the alkalosis, potassium ions may shift in the opposite direction, leading to a decrease in serum potassium levels.

Hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, and hypercalcemia do not directly correlate with the high bicarbonate and pCO2 combination in this context. While these conditions may affect acid-base balance, they are not the primary determinants of the metabolic alkalosis indicated by the given ABG values. Hypokalemia, however, is a common electrolyte disturbance that arises as a result of the body's compensatory mechanisms in such acid-base imbalances, making it the correct association in this scenario.