Which condition is characterized by an elevated systemic vascular resistance (SVR) with decreased cardiac output, often seen in cardiogenic shock?

The condition characterized by elevated systemic vascular resistance (SVR) coupled with decreased cardiac output and often observed in cardiogenic shock is heart failure.

In heart failure, the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is impaired, leading to a reduction in cardiac output. The body compensates for this decreased output by constricting blood vessels, which raises systemic vascular resistance. This combination results in inadequate perfusion of tissues and can lead to symptoms associated with cardiogenic shock, such as hypotension, altered mental status, and signs of end-organ dysfunction.

High blood volume, low blood volume, and fluid overload do not specifically align with the criteria of elevated SVR combined with reduced cardiac output seen in heart failure. High blood volume may occur in certain conditions but not necessarily result in elevated SVR. Low blood volume typically leads to reduced preload, which would not support high systemic vascular resistance. Fluid overload may occur in heart failure cases, but it is the heart’s inability to manage the fluid effectively that characterizes the elevation in SVR and underpins the diagnosis of heart failure as it relates to cardiogenic shock.